Search results for "arabialainen filosofia"
showing 10 items of 19 documents
Ma‘dûle Önermelerde Varlıksal İçerik Sorunu: Fahreddin er-Râzî-Kutbüddin et-Tahtânî Tartışması
2019
This paper addresses discussions in post-Avicennan Arabic logic on the definition of metathetic propositions and their status in relation to existential import requirements, focusing on the arguments made by Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) and the counter-arguments by Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī al-Taḥtānī (d. 766/1365), who both establish their positions in the framework drawn by the most prominent figure in the tradition of classical Arabic logic, Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, d. 428/1037). In the latter’s works, the problem of the existential import requirement in metathetic propositions (ma‘dūla) are thoroughly discussed and Avicenna seems to have presumed the existential import as a truth-condition f…
Book Review: Arguments for God’s Existence in Classical Islamic Thought : A Reappraisal of the Discourse
2021
Book Review : Damien Janos. Avicenna on the Ontology of Pure Quiddity
2022
Tyhjää täynnä. olematon islamilaisessa ajattelussa
2010
Negatiivinen teologia eli kieltämisen tie sai varhain keskeisen sijan islamilaisen oppineisuuden tavassa puhua Jumalasta. Mikä myönnetään Jumalasta, tulee kieltää maailmasta ja mitä maailmaa koskien myönnetäänkin, tulee kiistää, kun puheena on Jumala. Mitä muuta Jumalasta sitten voidaankin tietää, vähintään voidaan sanoa, ettei Hän ole yhtä kuin maailma ja ettei kahdella ole mitään yhteistä: ”mikään ei ole Hänen kaltaisensa”, kuten Koraani toteaa ykskantaan (S. 42:11). peerReviewed
The authentic self : essays in al-Fārābī and late ancient Greek philosophy
2014
Avicenna on subjectivity : a philosophical study
2007
Ab? cAl? Ibn S?n? (980–1037 jaa., lat. Avicenna) oli keskiajan arabifilosofeista kenties tärkein. Hänen ajattelunsa yhdisti omaperäisellä tavalla uusplatonistisen ja aristoteelisen perinteen aineksia. Ibn S?n?n vaikutus keskiajan latinankieliseen filosofiaan oli varsinkin psykologian alalla merkittävä, koska hänen psykologinen pääteoksensa käännettiin ennen Aristoteleen tutkielmaa Sielusta, ja se määritti olennaisella tavalla ymmärrystä Aristoteleen psykologiasta. Islamilaisessa filosofisessa perinteessä Ibn S?n? on merkitykseltään Aristoteleen veroinen hahmo.Kaukuan tutkimus käsittelee Ibn S?n?n teoriaa subjektiivisuudesta. Hän käsittelee Ibn S?n?n teoriaa intentionaalisesta tietoisuudesta…
Freedom and responsibility in Avicenna
2022
It is still a matter of some debate whether Avicenna grounds moral responsibility in a robust notion of free will. In this contribution, I will first delve into Avicenna’s theory of voluntary agency, arguing that he holds voluntary agency to be responsive to reasons but also thoroughly determined by the agent’s beliefs concerning the relevant goals, instruments, and qualifying circumstances. Since these beliefs in turn are caused, it seems that there is little room for a causally undetermined will in Avicenna’s theory. I will conclude by considering the question of whether Avicenna is some kind of compatibilist concerning the relation between determinism and responsibility. peerReviewed
The Flying and the Masked Man, One More Time: Comments on Peter Adamson and Fedor Benevich, ‘The Thought Experimental Method: Avicenna's Flying Man A…
2020
AbstractThis is a critical comment on Adamson and Benevich (2018), published in issue 4/2 of the Journal of the American Philosophical Association. I raise two closely related objections. The first concerns the objective of the flying man: instead of the question of what the soul is, I argue that the argument is designed to answer the question of whether the soul exists independently of the body. The second objection concerns the expected result of the argument: instead of knowledge about the quiddity of soul, I claim the argument yields knowledge about the soul's existence independently of the body. After the objections, I turn to the masked man fallacy, claiming that although the Adamson-…
Akbarian Scepticism in Islam : Qūnawī's Sceptical Arguments from Relativity and Disagreement
2021
This study deals with the sceptical arguments by one of the most important figures in the philosophical Sufi tradition (the Akbarian school) and the foremost disciple of Ibn ʿArabī, Ṣadr al‐Dīn al‐Qūnawī. Though not a sceptic in the strict sense, Qūnawī employs sceptical arguments from relativity of rational knowledge and disagreement among philosophers to prove inefficacy of reason and rational procedures of knowledge in terms of achieving certain knowledge of metaphysical matters, namely of God and the ultimate principles of things. The paper questions Qūnawī's implicit assumption that, if there is disagreement on a proposition p, then p is relative and thus cannot provide certain knowled…
Iʿtibārī Concepts in Suhrawardī : The Case of Substance
2020
Abstract Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī (d. 587/1191) famously criticised the central concepts of Avicennian metaphysics as merely mind-dependent (or iʿtibārī) notions. This paper aims to show that despite his critique, Suhrawardī held that these concepts are meaningful, indeed necessary for human cognition. By the same token, it is argued that their re-emergence in Suhrawardī’s ishrāqī metaphysics is not a matter of incoherence. Although the paper’s findings can be generalised to hold of all iʿtibārī concepts, mutatis mutandis, our focus is on the concept of substance, mainly because of the importance of the concept of ‘dusky substance’ in ishrāqī metaphysics.